name: tagline-creation-strategies description: Provides tagline and slogan creation frameworks including Marty Neumeier's Truelines vs Taglines, David Ogilvy's headline principles, Eugene Schwartz's desire channeling, the Distillation Method, and AIDA testing framework. Auto-activates during tagline creation, slogan development, and brand catchphrase work. Use when discussing taglines, slogans, catchphrases, brand mottos, truelines, memorable phrases, tagline testing, or brand mantra.

Tagline Creation Strategies

Quick reference for creating memorable, strategic taglines using proven methodologies from expert copywriters and brand strategists.

"Your brand isn't what you say it is. It's what they say it is." — Marty Neumeier

Key Distinction: Trueline vs Tagline

Type	Purpose	Audience	Example (Nike)
Trueline	Internal compass that guides decisions	Internal team	"Helps you find your inner athlete"
Tagline	Public-facing "sexy" formulation	Customers	"Just Do It"

How They Work Together:

Start with the trueline to nail positioning
Craft the tagline as its public expression
The trueline informs; the tagline performs

The 7-Step Professional Process

Internal Brand Audit: Collect brand assets, attributes, benefits, differentiators
Competitive Analysis: Review competitors' taglines for differentiation opportunities
Audience Research: Understand needs, wants, challenges, aspirations
Extensive Brainstorming: Generate 100+ options (where the magic happens)
Distillation: Write USP fully → cut by half 3x → apply linguistic device
Evaluation & Shortlist: Whittle to 5-7 candidates with objective feedback
Testing & Vetting: A/B test, check trademark conflicts, test across mediums

"If there is magic in the tagline creation process, brainstorming is where it happens."

The Distillation Method

The most practical technique for creating taglines:

Write your USP in as many words as necessary
Cut the word count in half (first pass)
Cut it in half again (second pass)
Cut it in half a third time (third pass)
Apply a linguistic device (rhyme, alliteration, parallelism)

Tagline Types

Type	Description	Example
Descriptive	Describes offering, benefits, or promise	"Save money. Live better." (Walmart)
Emotional	Appeals to feelings	"Because You're Worth It" (L'Oreal)
Aspirational	Inspires achievement	"Impossible is nothing" (Adidas)
Imperative	Call to action	"Just Do It" (Nike)
Superlative	Positions as the best	"The Best a Man Can Get" (Gillette)
Interrogative	Uses a question	"Got Milk?"
Provocative	Thought-provoking	"Think Different" (Apple)

Expert Recommendation: "To hit emotional triggers, prioritize differentiation taglines or results-driven taglines."

Tagline Formulas

Proven structural patterns:

Formula	Example
[Verb] + [Noun]	"Think Different"
[Action] + [Benefit]	"Eat Fresh"
[Empowering Word] + [X]	"Rethink [X]", "Imagine [X]"
[Number] + [Benefit]	For specific claims
"The [Only/Best] [X] that [Y]"	Superlative positioning
Question Format	"What's in your wallet?"

Linguistic Devices for Memorability

These devices have roots in oral tradition—they helped memorize stories across generations:

Device	Example	Why It Works
Rhyme	"The quicker picker-upper" (Bounty)	Phonetic patterns are easier to encode
Alliteration	"The best a man can get" (Gillette)	Repeated sounds create rhythm
Parallelism	"Go green, Go Ford"	Structural patterns aid recall
Sensory Language	"Finger lickin' good" (KFC)	Activates more brain areas
Rhythm	"Just Do It" (Nike)	The brain is "a sucker for rhythm"

Psychology of Memorability

Key Statistics

Most liked slogans: 4.9 words average
Most recalled slogans: 3.9 words average
Tourism slogans: 3.64 words average
Optimal tagline length: 2-7 words (never more than 7-8)

The Likability vs. Memorability Trade-off

"Easily liked slogans are often forgettable. Memorable slogans challenge the audience with uncommon words, concrete imagery, or complexity. To remember something, we must think about it."

Find the sweet spot: memorable enough to stick, likable enough to resonate.

Emotional Triggers

Trigger	Example	Mechanism
Identity Alignment	"Think Different" (Apple)	Appeals to who people ARE or aspire to be
Aspiration	"Just Do It" (Nike)	Connects with motivation and empowerment
Self-Worth	"Because You're Worth It" (L'Oreal)	Taps into desire for validation
Sensory Experience	"The Ultimate Driving Machine" (BMW)	Promises physical/emotional exhilaration

Famous Tagline Lessons

Nike: "Just Do It" (1988)

Created by: Dan Wieden (night before client presentation) Initial reception: "We don't need that shit" — Wieden insisted: "Just trust me on this one" Lesson: Great taglines often face initial resistance. Conviction matters.

Apple: "Think Different" (1997)

The quirk: "Think Different" not "Think Differently" — grammatical incorrectness creates distinctiveness Lesson: Emotional positioning can be more powerful than feature-dense messaging.

L'Oreal: "Because You're Worth It" (1971)

The innovation: Among the FIRST taglines to focus on women's self-worth Lesson: Emotional benefits often outweigh functional ones.

BMW: "The Ultimate Driving Machine" (1974)

Results: U.S. sales from 13,000 to over 90,000 in a decade Lesson: "Superlative" taglines can work when backed by genuine product excellence.

Common Mistakes

Mistake	Problem	Fix
Being Too Generic	"Quality you can trust" — could be any brand	Use the Onlyness Test
Using Clichés/Jargon	Technical terms aren't common language	Use everyday words
Neglecting Customer Benefits	Features without "so what?"	Focus on what's in it for THEM
Overcomplicating	Too many words, too many ideas	Distillation Method: cut by half 3x
Being Overly Clever	People remember the wit, forget the brand	"Rather than clever, be direct and clear"
Copying Others	Confuses customers, risks legal trouble	Onlyness Test
Cultural/Translation Failures	Pepsi's "Brings you back to life" → "Brings ancestors from grave" in Chinese	Test internationally
Disconnection from Brand	Tagline doesn't match actual experience	Align with trueline
Ignoring Medium Constraints	Works on billboard, not on business card	Test across contexts
Not Testing	Launching with untested assumptions	A/B test, focus groups
Including Brand Name	Research shows it feels "too sales-y"	Keep tagline separate

Testing Frameworks

AIDA Evaluation

Test whether your tagline achieves:

Attention: Does it grab attention?
Interest: Does it sustain interest?
Desire: Does it create desire?
Action: Does it prompt action?

ABC Test

Is your tagline:

Authentic: True to your brand
Believable: Credible, not overpromising
Customer-Oriented: Focused on their benefit

Key Metrics to Evaluate

Metric	Question
Memorability	Can people recall it after seeing once?
Clarity	Do they understand what it means?
Emotional Response	What feelings does it evoke?
Brand Fit	Does it align with brand identity?
Differentiation	Does it stand out from competitors?

The Onlyness Test

Can you complete this sentence in a way no competitor can?

"Our [OFFERING] is the only [CATEGORY] that [BENEFIT]."

If a competitor's name could substitute and the statement still works, your positioning needs work.

Expert Frameworks

Eugene Schwartz's 5 Levels of Awareness

Tailor your tagline approach based on where your audience is:

Level	Description	Tagline Approach
Most Aware	Knows product, ready to buy	Direct, product-focused
Product-Aware	Knows product, not convinced	Benefit-focused
Solution-Aware	Knows solutions exist, not yours	Differentiation-focused
Problem-Aware	Has problem, doesn't know solutions	Problem-agitation then solution
Completely Unaware	Doesn't recognize the problem	Start with identity or aspiration

David Ogilvy's 8 Headline Principles

Headlines should be complete advertisements
Include the brand name (debated—see modern research)
Avoid tricky headlines (no puns or literary allusions)
Be clear and direct (everyday language)
Use specific numbers ("5%" beats "less than you might suppose")
Optimal length: 6-12 words for headlines, 2-7 for taglines
Avoid negative words (readers may skip the "not")
News headlines work best (announce something new)

Scott Bedbury's Brand Mantra Framework

A three-word internal sentence that captures brand meaning:

Structure: [Emotional Modifier] + [Descriptive Modifier] + [Brand Function]

Examples:

Nike: "Authentic Athletic Performance"
Disney: "Fun Family Entertainment"

A brand mantra is NOT a tagline—it's an internal compass that guides decisions. But it can inspire tagline direction.

Key Principles

"Your brand isn't what you say it is. It's what they say it is." — Marty Neumeier
Headlines/taglines should telegraph what you want to say — David Ogilvy
"If you confuse, you'll lose." — Donald Miller
"Copy cannot create desire — it can only channel existing desire." — Eugene Schwartz
Shorter is almost always better: Aim for 2-4 words, never more than 7-8
The most recalled taglines average 3.9 words — Research finding
Emotional impact matters more than word count
Clarity beats cleverness every time
Position first, tagline second — Get positioning right before crafting
"You can't advertise your way to onlyness — you have to start with it." — Marty Neumeier

Templates

See reference/templates.md for:

Tagline Document Template
Strategic Foundation Template
Tagline Option Template
Evaluation Matrix Template
Anti-Pattern Check Template
Usage Guidelines Template
Testing Protocol Template
Quick Reference Card Template
Output Validation Checklist

When to Apply This Knowledge

During Tagline Development

Complete positioning work first (April Dunford's 5 components)
Write the Onlyness Statement and Brand Mantra
Generate 100+ options using brainstorming techniques
Apply the Distillation Method
Use linguistic devices for memorability

During Evaluation

Apply AIDA and ABC tests
Check against Common Mistakes list
Run the Onlyness Test
Score candidates on evaluation matrix

During Finalization

Test with target audience (A/B, surveys)
Check trademark availability
Test across mediums (billboard, business card, digital)
Create usage guidelines

tagline-creation-strategies

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